diff --git a/app/api/routers/database.py b/app/api/routers/database.py
index 0779230..e8c6a84 100644
--- a/app/api/routers/database.py
+++ b/app/api/routers/database.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from starlette.background import BackgroundTask
 
 from app import state
 from app.config import CACHE_DIR
-from app.database import DatabaseManager
+from app.database import DatabaseManager, detect_csv_encoding
 from app.services.platform import make_client
 from app.utils.files import remove_file_safely
 from app.warehouse import make_cell_data_warehouse, make_warehouse
@@ -255,8 +255,8 @@ def download_table_template(
     )
 
 
-def _read_csv_header(path: Path) -> list[str]:
-    with path.open("r", encoding="utf-8-sig", newline="") as handle:
+def _read_csv_header(path: Path, encoding: str) -> list[str]:
+    with path.open("r", encoding=encoding, newline="") as handle:
         for row in csv.reader(handle):
             return [str(cell).strip() for cell in row]
     return []
@@ -284,7 +284,8 @@ def import_table_csv(
     tmp_path = CACHE_DIR / f"import_{timestamp}.csv"
     tmp_path.write_bytes(file.file.read())
     try:
-        header = _read_csv_header(tmp_path)
+        encoding = detect_csv_encoding(str(tmp_path))
+        header = _read_csv_header(tmp_path, encoding)
         if not header:
             raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="CSV 文件为空或缺少表头")
         missing = [name for name in columns if name not in header]
@@ -296,7 +297,7 @@ def import_table_csv(
             if extra:
                 parts.append("多余字段: " + ", ".join(extra))
             raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="CSV 字段与模板不一致，导入失败。" + "；".join(parts))
-        imported = db.import_csv(str(tmp_path), table_name)
+        imported = db.import_csv(str(tmp_path), table_name, encoding=encoding)
     except HTTPException:
         raise
     except Exception as exc:
diff --git a/app/database.py b/app/database.py
index 9ab9777..1205dc0 100644
--- a/app/database.py
+++ b/app/database.py
@@ -9,6 +9,19 @@ from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
 from app.config import AppConfig, MySQLConfig
 
 
+def detect_csv_encoding(file_path: str) -> str:
+    """识别数据管理导入 CSV 的 UTF-8 或 GBK 系列编码。"""
+    for encoding in ("utf-8-sig", "gb18030"):
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, "r", encoding=encoding, errors="strict") as handle:
+                while handle.read(1024 * 1024):
+                    pass
+            return encoding
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            continue
+    raise UnicodeError("CSV 编码无法识别，仅支持 UTF-8 或 GBK 编码")
+
+
 class DatabaseManager:
     """数据库管理器"""
     
@@ -236,9 +249,10 @@ class DatabaseManager:
                 conn.commit()
                 return cursor.rowcount
 
-    def import_csv(self, file_path: str, table_name: str) -> int:
+    def import_csv(self, file_path: str, table_name: str, encoding: str | None = None) -> int:
         """按 CSV 表头列追加导入（列须与表字段一致，由调用方校验）。返回导入行数。"""
-        with open(file_path, "r", encoding="utf-8-sig", newline="") as handle:
+        csv_encoding = encoding or detect_csv_encoding(file_path)
+        with open(file_path, "r", encoding=csv_encoding, newline="") as handle:
             reader = csv.reader(handle)
             try:
                 header = next(reader)
diff --git a/app/warehouse.py b/app/warehouse.py
index 858583a..fa54ae8 100644
--- a/app/warehouse.py
+++ b/app/warehouse.py
@@ -182,16 +182,31 @@ class MetrixWarehouse:
             raise RuntimeError(str(result))
         return int(result.get("affected_rows", 0)) if isinstance(result, dict) else 0
 
-    def import_csv(self, file_path: str, table_name: str) -> int:
+    def import_csv(self, file_path: str, table_name: str, encoding: str | None = None) -> int:
         """走 Metrix 平台导入 API 追加导入到已存在的表（字段映射由平台按列名处理）。"""
-        job_id = self.client.import_csv(
-            self.conn_id, table_name, Path(file_path), mode="append",
-            database=self.database, create_table=False,
-        )
-        job = self.client.wait_job(job_id)
-        if job.get("status") != "success":
-            raise RuntimeError(job.get("error_code") or job.get("status") or "导入失败")
-        return int(job.get("row_count") or 0)
+        source_path = Path(file_path)
+        upload_path = source_path
+        converted_path: Path | None = None
+        if encoding and encoding.lower() not in {"utf-8", "utf-8-sig"}:
+            converted_path = source_path.with_name(f"{source_path.stem}_utf8{source_path.suffix}")
+            with source_path.open("r", encoding=encoding, newline="") as source:
+                with converted_path.open("w", encoding="utf-8-sig", newline="") as target:
+                    while chunk := source.read(1024 * 1024):
+                        target.write(chunk)
+            upload_path = converted_path
+
+        try:
+            job_id = self.client.import_csv(
+                self.conn_id, table_name, upload_path, mode="append",
+                database=self.database, create_table=False,
+            )
+            job = self.client.wait_job(job_id)
+            if job.get("status") != "success":
+                raise RuntimeError(job.get("error_code") or job.get("status") or "导入失败")
+            return int(job.get("row_count") or 0)
+        finally:
+            if converted_path is not None:
+                converted_path.unlink(missing_ok=True)
 
     def execute_sql(self, sql: str) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
         try: